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Development and Standardization of an Herbal Syrup for Depression

Author(s) Shraddha Karbhari Joshi, Neha Tongire
Country India
Abstract Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a severe neuropsychiatric condition characterized by monoamine neurotransmitter imbalances and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation. While synthetic antidepressants are effective, they frequently induce severe side effects, driving the need for safer botanical alternatives. This study aims to develop, standardize, and pharmaceutically evaluate an oral herbal syrup formulated from the hydroalcoholic extract of Nardostachys jatamansi rhizomes. The active constituents were extracted using a 70:30 hydroalcoholic solvent system via cold maceration, yielding an 11.8% concentrated extract rich in sesquiterpenes (notably jatamansone), alkaloids, and flavonoids. To overcome the herb's intense bitterness and pungent aroma, an optimized syrup vehicle was formulated using an aqueous decoction method with a dense sucrose base (30–35 g per 50 mL), citric acid, and sodium benzoate. Physicochemical evaluations confirmed that the optimized formulation (F4) was highly palatable, optically clear, and uniform. Furthermore, the syrup underwent a 90-day accelerated stability study strictly following ICH guidelines (40°C / 75% Relative Humidity). The formulation demonstrated robust physical and chemical integrity, maintaining a stable pH of 5.29, a specific gravity of 1.26, and an optimal pouring viscosity of approximately 91.1 cP, with no evidence of sugar crystallization, phase separation, or microbial degradation. The developed Nardostachys jatamansi syrup represents a scientifically validated, highly stable, and patient-friendly natural alternative for the long-term management of clinical depression and stress-induced neuropsychiatric disorders.
Keywords Accelerated Stability Studies, Herbal Syrup Formulation, Hydroalcoholic Extraction, Jatamansone, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Nardostachys jatamansi, Neuropsychopharmacology, Taste-Masking 
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 17, Issue 5, May 2026
Published On 2026-05-30
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