International Journal of Technology and Applied Science

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Volume 17 Issue 10
October 2026

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In Vitro Micropropagation and Somaclonal Variation for Conservation of Endangered Medicinal Plants

Author(s) Dr. Rajender Gandu, Dr. Padala Thirupathi
Country India
Abstract The traditional and modern pharmaceuticals obtained from many medicinal plants are diminishing due to overharvesting, loss of habitat, and slow natural regeneration. Although in vitro micropropagation is a speedy and season-independent means of propagation of threatened species, it does not necessarily prove to be a conservation approach, as the quality of the material produced may vary from what is desirable. This fidelity can be compromised by heritable change that can occur during tissue culture, known as somaclonal variation, but it can also produce useful change. This paper aims to bring together the available information regarding the existing protocols for micropropagation, somaclonal variation in plants and its detection, and the interaction of these two aspects in the conservation of endangered medicinal plants. It is based on published literature and a representative multi-species protocol framework, and contrasts explant types, culture media, and plant growth regulator regimes; beyond this, it correlates the duration of culture, concentration of the cytokinin, and the regeneration pathway with variation frequency. Representative data suggest that axillary shoot proliferation under moderate cytokinin concentration produces 6-12 shoots per explant with low variability, while callus-mediated regeneration causes a significant increase in variability. Molecular markers (RAPD - ISSR), flow cytometry, and phytochemical profiling are a useful pipeline for assessing fidelity. It suggests an integrated workflow that integrates micropropagation, cryopreservation, genetic monitoring and reintroduction, and defines research priorities for genetically safe, policy-relevant conservation of the paper.
Keywords micropropagation; somaclonal variation; medicinal plants; ex situ conservation; genetic fidelity; plant growth regulators; cryopreservation; molecular markers.
Published In Volume 17, Issue 10, October 2026
Published On 2026-10-25
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Crossref DOI prefix of IJTAS is 10.71097/IJTAS

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