Rapikit: A Portable and Ecofriendly Sachet based Waste to Wealth Approach for Dual Removal of Arsenic and Nitrate Using Magnetic Biochar- Chitosan Composite: Isotherm Modelling, Characterization and Reusability Studies.

Rahul Khatkar; Ramesh Kumar; Suman Nagpal

Rapikit: A Portable and Ecofriendly Sachet based Waste to Wealth Approach for Dual Removal of Arsenic and Nitrate Using Magnetic Biochar- Chitosan Composite: Isotherm Modelling, Characterization and Reusability Studies.

Author(s)	Dr. Rahul Khatkar, Dr. Ramesh Kumar, Dr. Suman Nagpal
Country	India
Abstract	Continuous exposure to Arsenic or Nitrate above safe value of (10 ppb of Arsenic, 45 ppm for Nitrate) leads to several health risks. Therefore, there is a need to develop cost effective reusable easy-to-use techniques for simultaneous removal of both contaminants. In the present work, waste to wealth development of a Rapikit, a novel, ready-to-use Pouch (2.76 inch * 1.97 inch) using empty teabag sachets filled with composite of magnetic biochar and chitosan was developed. The prepared composite was characterized by using Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and XRD techniques. The results showed high porosity and presence of functional groups that are responsible for efficient removal of pollutants. In the batch adsorption experiment, The composites, in the optimized conditions i.e. pH 10 with a 1.5 g/L dose within 60 minutes of contact time at 25°C showed 97 % of arsenic removal efficiency as well as, and 90% removal efficiency for Nitrate at its optimized pH 7 with a 2.0 g/L dose and 80 minutes of contact time. The isotherm studies revealed that Arsenic adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 21.37 mg/g and a Separation Factor value of 0.0607, indicating favorable adsorption for Arsenic. But in case of Nitrate adsorption, the composite fit the Freundlich isotherm (R² = 0.98), reflecting surface heterogeneity, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 2.43 mg/g for Nitrate. Importantly, when Rapikit used concurrently in mixed spiked water solutions at pH 6.9, the positive synergy of the composite enhanced the adsorption kinetics, resulting in a 97.67% Arsenic removal and 90.00% Nitrate removal within just 30 minutes of contact time. It showed negligible reduction in removal efficacy up to five regeneration cycles. This positive synergy of composite adds the advantages of chitosan for enhanced adsorption capacity and magnetic properties of biochar that facilitate the strong chemical interaction with the contaminants. Hence, Rapikit which showed the waste-to-wealth approach by transforming waste wood biomass into a value-added adsorbent and has great potential for scalability, provides a portable, eco-friendly, and user-friendly kit for the dual removal of nitrate and arsenic.
Keywords	User friendly, Rapikit, Magnetic Biochar-chitosan composite, Arsenic, Nitrate, Langmuir isotherm
Published In	Volume 17, Issue 9, September 2026
Published On	2026-09-03

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Rapikit: A Portable and Ecofriendly Sachet based Waste to Wealth Approach for Dual Removal of Arsenic and Nitrate Using Magnetic Biochar- Chitosan Composite: Isotherm Modelling, Characterization and Reusability Studies.

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