Temperature-Dependent Thermo-Acoustic Characterization of Mentha Oil Using Multi-Frequency Ultrasonic Measurements

Rupa; Sanjeev Rathore; Suman Lata

Temperature-Dependent Thermo-Acoustic Characterization of Mentha Oil Using Multi-Frequency Ultrasonic Measurements

Author(s)	Rupa, Sanjeev Rathore, Suman Lata
Country	India
Abstract	Essential oils are indispensable in the pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, and aromatherapy industries, where their physical and chemical characteristics can significantly affect their processing, shelf life, and properties. Ultrasonic techniques have become very important useful sources of information about what happens in liquids because of their qualities in the field of thermo-acoustics. Although there have been multiple publications reporting the use of ultrasonic techniques for essential oil examination, a vast majority of experimental studies have only focused on one frequency or a narrow temperature interval. Therefore, how the combination of temperature and ultrasonic frequency is affecting the thermo-acoustic characteristics and behavior of Mentha oils is still a mystery. The purpose of the current research is to define how Mentha oils react to the ultrasonic treatment depending on the temperature. The experimental measurements were conducted in the lab on the frequencies of 2 and 3 MHz at temperatures from 293.15 to 343.15 K. The experiments allowed to measured the ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity, while other important parameters such as acoustic impedance, adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, relaxation time, absorption coefficient, and wavelength were obtained through the application of the known thermo-acoustic equations. The outcomes of the conducted experiments have shown that the temperature increase leads to the decrease of the density, viscosity, and relaxation time. On the other hand, ultrasonic velocity, the compressibility factor, free length, and wavelength exhibited frequency-dependent changes that convey the combined impact of thermal excitation and acoustic frequency on the way waves propagate. A comparative study revealed that higher ultrasonic frequencies increased the sensitivity of measurements and allowed detecting changes in the structure of a liquid caused by temperature effects with better resolution. The experimentation proves that the multi-frequency ultrasonic characterization is a reliable non-invasive technique for the assessment of the behavior of Mentha oil. The results provide insights into more detailed knowledge of how temperature and frequency affect liquid behavior and demonstrate the opportunity of applying ultrasonic means for quality control, monitoring processes, storing, and characterizing essential oils and similar liquids.
Keywords	Mentha oil; Ultrasonic velocity; Thermo-acoustic properties; Multi-frequency ultrasonics; Acoustic impedance; Adiabatic compressibility; Relaxation time; Essential oils
Published In	Volume 17, Issue 1, January 2026
Published On	2026-01-07

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Temperature-Dependent Thermo-Acoustic Characterization of Mentha Oil Using Multi-Frequency Ultrasonic Measurements

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