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Volume 17 Issue 8
August 2026

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Phytochemical Indices, and GC–MS Profiling of Hedychium coronarium Rhizome Essential Oil

Author(s) Ms. Papineni Usha Rani, Prof. Dr. Sudhakar Poda
Country India
Abstract Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig is an aromatic medicinal plant whose rhizomes contain a chemically variable essential oil with potential value in food, pharmaceutical, and antimicrobial applications. This study extracted H. coronarium rhizome essential oil (HCREO) by hydrodistillation and determined its extraction yield, apparent total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and volatile composition by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography–flame-ionization detection (GC–FID). Dried rhizome powder was hydrodistilled for 3.5 h in a Clevenger-type apparatus. HCREO yield was 4.61% (v/w, dry-weight basis). The apparent total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 70 mg gallic-acid equivalents/g HCREO and 62 mg quercetin equivalents/g HCREO, respectively. Thirty-six volatile constituents accounted for 97.39% of the oil. Oxygenated monoterpenes were predominant (51.95%), followed by monoterpene hydrocarbons (34.39%), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (6.01%), and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (5.04%). The principal compounds were 1,8-cineole (33.84%), β-pinene (14.76%), α-terpineol (7.41%), linalool (5.26%), α-pinene (4.38%), and limonene (3.85%). The profile characterized HCREO as a 1,8-cineole/β-pinene-rich oil and agreed with chemotypes previously reported from India. The findings established the batch-specific chemical identity of HCREO and provided a compositional basis for subsequent evaluation of its biological activity.
Keywords Hedychium coronarium; rhizome essential oil; hydrodistillation; 1,8-cineole; GC–MS; GC–FID; phenolic content; flavonoid content
Field Biology > Agriculture / Botany
Published In Volume 17, Issue 8, August 2026
Published On 2026-08-10
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